Memphis Gun Violence Problem Analysis Summary Report (NICJR, 2025) https://nicjr.org/files/galleries/Memphis_2025_GVPA_Narrative_Summary_7_2025.pdf
Standard History of Memphis, Tennessee (J.P. Young) https://marygallowayhome.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/standard_history_of_memphis__tn-part-1-1-to-8.pdf